Blogs

Recombinant protein technology allows researchers to generate large quantities of specific proteins by inserting a gene encoding the protein into a ho...

The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) — termed the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) system in humans—is a genetically complex region critical for ad...

SYBR Green is a DNA-binding dye that fluoresces only when bound to double-stranded DNA. This characteristic makes it ideal for real-time detection of ...

Exosomes are nanometer-sized vesicles (30-150 nm) that are naturally secreted by cells and are involved in cell-to-cell communication. They contain a ...

Proteins rarely act alone. The biological complexity of any cellular process—from signal transduction to immune response—depends on networks of intera...

An enzyme is a biological catalyst that is usually a protein but could be RNA. The point of a catalyst is to increase the speed with which a reaction ...

A single-domain antibody (sdAb), also known as a Nanobody, is an antibody fragment consisting of a single monomeric variable antibody domain. Like a w...

Gene regulation refers to the mechanisms that control the activity of genes. It involves the processes that determine whether a gene is transcribed in...

1. Bacterial ContaminationRapid-growing, often visible within 24–48 hoursCauses turbidity, pH changes (medium turns yellow), and cell deathCommon sour...