Prostaglandin-endoperox
Home Up Anti P Acetylated & phosphorylated p63 P73 alpha and beta PACAP Pancreatic Polypeptide Paracellin-1 Parkin & Synuclein Parvalbumin/Oncomodulin PAS3/JAP3 PTX3 and NPX1-2 PHM Per1, Per2 & Per 3 PHEX/PEX Pit-1/GLVR1 & Pit-2 PGHS-1 and 2 Podocin & Podocalyxin Potassium Chloride Cotrans. Pre-pro Orexin Pref-1,FA1, DLK1,ZOG Presenilin-1 Proline Transporter Prostaglandin-endoperox Prostaglandin E Receptor PGT PUMA/JFY1

 

 

 

Cyclooxygenases (Cox-1, Cox-2, and Cox-3) Antibodies
(PGHS-1&2; PHS-1&2; Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthases 1-3)

 

Prostanoids sensitize peripheral nociceptor terminals and produce localized pain hypersensitivity. The prostanoid family includes PGD2, PGE2, PGF2alpha, PGI2, thromboxane A2 and prostaglandins. The prostaglandins (PGs) are implicated in various physiological and pathophysiological events, including male fertility, menstruation, ovulation, pregnancy, implantation and inflamatory and neoplastic diseases. The biosynthesis of PGs and some other prostanoids, is catalyzed in a rate limiting step by PG-H synthase (also known as cyclooxygenase (COX), PG-endoperoxidase synthase (PTGS)) which converts arachiodonic acid to prostaglandin/prostanoid precursor PGH2. Two cyclooxygenase isozymes, COX1 (human, 576aa, 69-72kDa; chromosome 9) and COX2 (human, 604aa, 74 kDa; chromosome 1) have been identified. COX1, a constitutively expressed isoform, produces physiologically relevant prostanoids such as those in stomach and platelets. COX2 isoform is inducible and rapidly upregulated at inflamation sites and forms proinflamatory prostanoids. The overexpression of COX-2 also leads to tumerogenesis. Recently, a third isoform COX3 (canine 633aa; ~65kDa in human aorta) has been reported. Two smaller COX1-derived proteins (partial COX1) PCOX1a (canine 414aa, ~53kDa in human aorta) and PCOX1b have also been characterized. The COX3, but not PCOX1a, possesses glycosylation-dependent cyclooxygenase activity. The nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the formation of prostaglandins by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenases (COX1, COX2 and COX3), This ability was associated with inhibition of COX, which converts arachidonic acid to the prostaglandin precursor prostaglandin H2.

COX1: It consists of 70kD subunits which are constitutively expressed and are involved in a range of physiological functions, Inhibition of gastric expressed COX-1 resulted in most of the unwanted side effects. Non-steroidal inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) treated the symptoms. The anti COX1 antibodies were produced in rabbits by immunizing them with ram seminal vesicles which has no cross reacitivity to COX2.

COX2: It is a 74 kD protein having 60% homology with COX1, expressed by extracellular stimuli such as tumor promoters, pro-inflamatory cytokines, mitogensand oncogenes in different cells. The control of COX2 gene expression is regulated at the level of transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms.

COX3: It has an insert of 30-34aa in the signal sequence of COX1, this signal peptide is cleaved in COX1 and COX2 but it is retained in COX3 and PCOX1a. The antibodies produced for the above peptides will be specific only for COX3 and PCOX1a. Human COX3 mRNAs are abundant in cerebral cortex and heart. The COX3 activity is selectively inhibited by analgesic/antipyretic drugs such as acetaminophen, phenacetin, antipyrine etc and is potently inhibited by some nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Thus inhibition of COX3 could represt a primary central mechanism by which these drugs ease pain and fever.

 

 Items Antigen peptide location   Antibody
Host		  *Expected
Ab
Crossreactivity		 Aff. Pure IgG/Mab
Cat #
100 ug		  * Control Peptide
Cat#
100 ug
COX1
Ab#1		 Ram COX1 protein Rb m, r, h, b COX11-A *
 COX-1 Purified Ram Cox-1 Protein Western Blot +ve Control, Cat # COX11-C (100 ul)
COX1
Ab#3		 Human, Cox1 Protein M (mono) h COX13-M .*
COX1
Ab #4		  Ovine, Cox1 Protein  M (mono)  h, m, r, b  COX14-M  *
COX2
Ab#1		  m, 17 aa ~NT  Rb  m, r, h, b COX21-A COX21-P
COX2
Ab #3		 Purified Human Cox2 Protein  M (mono)  h, murine  COX23-M * 
COX2   Purified Human Cox2 Protein, Western Blot +ve Control, Cat # COX23-C (100ul)
 COX-2  Human Cox-2 ELISA Kit, Cat. # ECOX2-100 (96 tests)
 COX3
Ab#1		   m, 12aa ~NT  Rb  m, h, d  COX31-A  COX31-P
 COX3
Ab#2		  h, 12aa ~NT  Rb  h, m, d  COX32-A  COX32-P



m=mouse; r=rat; h=human; b=bovine; d=dog; Rb=rabbit; G=goat; ~CT or ~NT=near C or N-terminus. EC=Extracellular; CP=Cytoplasmic domain;

* Expected antibody crossreactivity information is mostly based upon high (>70%) sequence conservation of antigenic/control peptides in various species. When antibody crossreactivity has actually been experimentally confirmed in various species, it will be mentioned in the appropriate data sheets.

"Neat Antisera or antisera" are the unpurified antiserum and it is suitable for ELISA and Western.
"Affinity pure" IgG may be more suitable for immunohistochemical (IHC) applications and to reduce background in most immunological applications including ELISA and Western.
"Control peptides" can not be used for Western as they are very short peptides. They are intended for ELISA or antibody blocking studies to establish antibody specificity.
Western blot +ve protein controls, where available, are semi-pure, pure or recombinant proteins that are formulated in SDS-PAGE sample buffer (reduced). They are recommended to be used for Western (load 10 ul/lane) for visulization with antibodies.