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Glycine Transporters GLYT1 and GLYT 2 Antibodies
Glycine is one of the major inhibitory neurotransmitters in the spinal cord and brain stem. Glycine acts on the strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors, a pentameric Cl-channel, to generate inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. Glycine can modulate excitatory neurotransmission as an obligatory co-agonist with glutamate at NMDA-activated glutamate receptors via binding site on the NMDA receptor, which is distinct from the strychnine-sensitive glycine receptor-binding site. Glycinergic synapses are primarily present throughout the spinal cord, brain stem and cerebellum, as well as in the retina and a few other brain regions. Neurotransmitter action is terminated by re-uptake of glycine via specific high affinity transporter protein located at the plasma membrane of neuron and glial cells. The glycine transporter belongs to a family of Na/Cl-dependent
neurotransmitter transporters, predicted to contain as many as 12 transmembrane
domains. Glycine receptor exists in 2 forms - GLYT1
and GLYT2. Form 1 has three other known isoform
(GLYT1a, GLYT1b, and GLYT1c) which may be produced by alternative spicing or
promoter usage. Rodent Glyt1a and Glyt1b differ only by 10 amino acid at the
N-terminus and expressed from the same gene. Although, the N-terminal part of
mouse and rat GLYT1a is identical in mouse and rat, the N-terminus of GLYT1b are
significantly different in these two species. The GLYT1c subtype has only been
reported in humans. GLYT1a is expressed in CNS and peripheral organs. GLYT1b is
localized in the CNS. Both neuron and Glial cells have GLYT1. More recent
studies indicate that GLYt1b may not be brain specific. Immunolocalization
studies on GLYT2 suggest that GLYT2 is responsible for terminating the
neurotransmission at the strychnine synapses.
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